Civilisation - the Catastrophe that has Befallen

                            2.	Modern societies with their institutional and cultural achievements are usually presented and celebrated as a successful, valuable, even inevitable development of humanity. According to the author, quite wrongly, as civilization values and ideological patterns, whose roots go back to the historical period of the „Axis Period of World History“ (800-200 BC), have set in motion a development that has lead to economic and political upheavals and disruption in the economy and society, and has resulted in suffering, hardship and disorientation in all areas of life for the people affected.  
Deprived of their solidarity networks, it brought them domination and exploitation; and, as compensation for the lost joys of life, it offered them introjection – the idea of inner life, a place of hope – presented as ideas of emancipation and revolution that are intended to redeem them in the future from the suffering endured today.